Saturday, December 12, 2009

Replacement Window Basics

Replacement windows usually refer to new windows that mount within the frame of the existing window. They are typically made without a structural frame; instead, they rely on the strength of the original window for support.

Replacement windows take the place of existing windows when they have become deteriorated, drafty or non-functional. However, replacing original windows on older houses can cause irreparable harm. In many historic preservation districts, window replacement is only an option of last resort. New replacement windows may greatly decrease energy loss and outside noise, compared to a single-pane window.

The addition of a storm window to a single-pane window can often outperform some replacement units. The majority of newer replacement windows carry the "Energy Star" rating for home efficiency, and may be custom ordered to meet the customers preferences, both functionally, and aesthetically. While most replacement windows are used in residential applications, there are numerous commercial applications as well, such as storefronts, offices, and workshops.

Replacement windows can increase the resale value of newer homes (post-1970). Replacement windows are sometimes less expensive to install than actually replacing the original window. This is primarily due to the compromise in quality, as replacement windows are rarely equal to the integrity of older wood windows, which were commonly constructed of old-growth woods.

Insulated glazing is one feature that helps save energy. The distinguishing feature being a second layer of glass, or a "double-pane." This second pane creates an air pocket, which is the "insulation" referred to in marketing materials. Another benefit is the option of adding "low E" plastic film, which cuts energy costs up to 30% by greatly reducing temperature transference. Other options include triple-glazing (a third pane of glass), higher quality spacers between the panes, which reduce the failure rate that allows "fogging" or condensation to form between the panes, and sealing gases between the panes that have higher insulative qualities than air, such as argon or krypton gases.

Replacement windows constructed of synthetic materials, such as vinyl, composite and fiberglass, may be limited in the types of paints they will accept. However, most synthetic windows are selected by owners who do not plan to repaint their windows. Aluminum-clad and wood replacement windows may be repainted with any type of paint.

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Replacing the Screens in Your Windows

If you need to replace your window screens, first visit your local hardware store to determine what type of new screen would be best. Mesh fineness is measured by the strand counts in each direction, per inch. Typical household screens are a mesh of 18" x 14" or finer.

You might also need to pick up a few tools that might be missing from your toolbox. Depending on the method you choose, you'll need a hammer, staple gun, some C-clamps, spline, a screen installation tool (or a putty knife), and scissors (or a utility knife) that can cut your screen from the frame.

Wood and metal frames require different approaches. If you are removing a screen from a wood frame, pry off the molding by starting in the center of a strip and moving toward the ends. Don't break the molding! Additional information on wood replacement windows.

You will also need to stretch the new screen fabric tight first in order to make sure the new screen lasts and performs well. To stretch the screen, buy some 1x2 stock longer than the width of the window, and some 1x4 stock that you can use to saw out wedges. Lay the frame down on a horizontal surface. Cut your new replacement screening a minimum of 1 inch longer and wider than the frame, and center the screen width over the frame.

Staple one end of the screen to the top of the frame, then take one of the 1x2 lengths and affix it firmly to your work surface just beyond the bottom end of the window frame. Stretch the rest of the screen over this 1x2 and nail another 1x2 to it, with the new screen in between.

Take the wedges you've made and place them between the edge of the 1x2 cleats and the bottom of the screen frame. Tap the wedges in to this space until the screen is taut. Now, staple the screen at the bottom of the frame, and then up along the sides, spacing the staples about an inch or two apart. Trim off the excess screen, and use brads to reattach the moldings. Countersink the brads, the fill the holes with wood putty.

Another way to attach the new screen, aside from using wedges, is with clamps and sawhorses. This method works better with larger windows, such as picture windows.

Take a couple of sawhorses and saw some 2x4s the same length as the screen, then lay them end to end across the sawhorses to create a rough frame. (Or lay a sheet of plywood across the sawhorses instead of the 2x4s.) Lay the stripped frame across the boards, and use C- clamps to hold the screen tight in the middle.

Lift each end of the frame and insert small 2x4 blocks. The objective here is to bow the ends of the frame upward, although this needs to be done gently so that you don't accidentally snap the frame.

Staple the screen in place, starting at the C-clamps in the center. When you're done, remove the 2x4 blocks at the ends, and the screen will be very taut! Replace the screen moldings, and you're ready to go.

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Window Materials and Styles


Many of today's wood windows are designed as 'new construction' windows, where you're replacing the interior and exterior trim as well as the window. In an existing structure, new construction windows are more likely to be an option during an extensive renovation, such as an add-on, or when the entire wall is being stripped down to the studs or the house is being gutted. New construction windows are usually made in standard sizes and are available off-the-shelf. So, where a replacement window would fit inside the existing frame, here you make the opening fit a predetermined window size.

Wood Windows

For centuries, wood was the traditional material for windows, and despite new competition, it's still a popular choice today. Aside from looking good, wood is a renewable resource, and in today's eco-friendly environment that is certainly a plus. Of course, there are other advantages. Wood windows can be painted or stained to match your interior and exterior color schemes. Wood frames can lend a rustic, homey look or an air of elegance and sophistication. They can match and accentuate your furniture and cabinetry. Wood frames are an excellent choice for older, historic homes.

A handful of regional manufacturers (such as TrimLine Windows) specialize in custom wood windows as a standard operating procedure. As high-end windows, you will pay more, but the custom sizing will be part of the order rather than an additional cost. As true "pocket replacement windows," they're designed to fit into the 3 1/4 -inch space where the old wood sashes used to be. This means you won't have to replace the interior or exterior trim, and you can get all the advantages of a wood window without the usual installation problems.

Aluminum Windows

Aluminum was really the first non-wood replacement window, and they were very popular in the 1950s and the next few decades. Aluminum windows are very strong, don't have to be painted, and are highly effective at noise reduction. As a metal, however, they are good conductors, which isn't exactly a benefit. In fact, they conduct heat approximately 1,000 times faster than wood or vinyl.

Today they are most commonly used in commercial buildings, as builders are willing to trade their heat loss and gain for the strength they offer for large openings. By most estimates, you could cut your heating costs by as much as 50% by replacing your aluminum windows with energy-efficient windows.

Vinyl Windows

Vinyl is one of the most popular choices for replacement windows. Economic and efficient, vinyl windows offer homeowners a wide variety of color combinations. In the past, vinyl windows were considered unpaintable, leaving homeowners locked into their color decisions, but in recent years paintable and stainable synthetic surfaces have been introduced. There are even woodgrain laminates – so effective, it's often hard to distinguish between today's pre-finished woodgrain windows and actual stained wood. For those who desire the look of wood but don't have the budget for it, a vinyl window with a woodgrain laminate puts that design decision back in play.

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Tips for Window Replacement

Window Materials - This is a big purchase, so giving yourself some flexibility post-purchase is a smart move. Consider the interior. Do you make changes often? Do you want to be able to control the look of your windows on the inside – changing color whenever your décor changes? If so, you'll want to investigate paintable windows. Or are you more the set-it-and-forget-it type?

What kind of pane should you get? Single-pane is highly inefficient and practically obsolete. Most likely single-pane windows are what you're trying to replace. Double-pane windows are the most common and efficient choice, but triple-pane windows (even more efficient) are also available.

Other features that can improve energy efficiency are gas fills and Low-E coatings that can reduce heat transmission, and guard against the damaging effects of sunlight (fading). Some manufacturers also offer a self-cleaning coating. A gas fill can be standard with some manufacturers and an upgrade with others.

The type of Low-E coating and your U-factor rating (this measures the rate of heat transfer) will depend to a great degree on what type of climate you live in, and what direction your windows face. In the summer, you might not want heat to enter through the windows, but blocking that entirely would adversely affect you during the winter, when a little (free!) winter heat can help lower your heating bills.

After the energy-saving features come the easy-maintenance features. Some windows – awning, hopper, and some double-hung windows – tilt inward for easy cleaning. Some are easier to tilt in than others, so take them for a test drive in a manufacturer's showroom or at your home improvement retailer. Other features that could impact your decision are the opening mechanisms on casement, awning, and hopper windows (how durable is the crank assembly?), dual locks, screen locks, vent locks, and so on.

Single-hung windows mean that only one half of the window, either the top or bottom sash (usually the bottom), can open. Double-hung windows mean that both the top and the bottom can open, although only one half at a time. Both sashes on double-hung windows usually tilt inward. Double-hung windows are much easier to clean!

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Replacement Windows for Your Basement

You can lower your energy spending, increase the value of your home, and prevent potential problems by replacing the windows in your basement. Leaks and uninvited rodent guests can be prevented by choosing the right windows. Check your windows for leaks, drafts, and moisture; if you have any of these, it may be time to replace your windows.

Because a basement’s high moisture levels can cause rot and rust in wood and metal frames, vinyl windows have become the window of choice for basement replacement windows. Vinyl windows provide the needed ventilation and air circulation without being as affected by the dampness caused by the moist exterior dirt. In addition, vinyl windows are immune to termites and require very little maintenance.

Installing vinyl windows is easy, and a double-paned vinyl window with a higher R-value provides better insulation and can help reduce the amount of cold air entering the basement. Choosing windows that will allow more sunlight into your basement can also increase its warmth. Vinyl windows can complement many decors and are available in many styles and colors.

Consider the uses you make or would like to make of your basement. Choose a window type that provides proper ventilation, and the ability to store objects or to use the basement in the way you want.

Your replacement windows should be aesthetically pleasing both inside and out. There are many available options, such as double glass panels and sliding panes, which can provide a look suitable to your basement and home.

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A Guide to Window Replacement


Okay, your windows are out-dated and worn out. You’re considering taking out a second mortgage just to heat or cool your home. Or you just want to improve the value and the appearance of your home. You’ve decided that replacing your windows is the way to go.

Once you’ve narrowed down your search, make sure that the company carries both liability and workers compensation insurance. You don’t want to end up with a lawsuit because the company you’re dealing with does not have proper insurance. Since there are as many different types of installation as there are types of homes, the important thing is to make sure the company you choose to install your windows gives you detailed information on how your windows will be installed.

Buying replacement windows can be a tricky process if you aren’t sure what to look for. After all, there are many different window types and companies to help with installation, that it can an overwhelming undertaking for even the most savvy homeowner. Here are some tips to help get you started:

Consider the reputation of the window replacement company: Many homeowners would consider this to be at the bottom of the totem pole, however, this is one of the most important things to consider when buying replacement windows. The home improvement industry has many unlicensed contractors doing shoddy work for homeowners. Always check out a company or individual contracting to do a window replacement in your home. Ask for references and follow up with calling those listed. You could also do a query with the Better Business Bureau to be sure there are no complaints listed against the company you are considering hiring to do your window replacement project. A reputable company should have insurance in place and have qualified employees with some experience in installing replacement windows.

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Adding Storm Windows

If you are looking to improve the energy efficiency of your home, as well as to enjoy other added benefits, then you should consider purchasing and installing storm windows. By using storm windows on your existing windows, rather than replacing the windows with completely new ones, you will be able to reap many of the benefits that replacement windows offer without some of the drawbacks, expense and hassle. This makes storm window installation an intelligent addition to your home.

Storm windows are energy efficient. By installing storm windows along with your existing windows, the storm windows help to make your house more energy efficient. Storm windows reduce drafts by providing an airtight seal around your windows. This seal keeps heat from the interior home inside the house and stops cold air from the exterior from seeping inside. By reducing air leaks, you increase efficiency.

Storm windows keep your home cleaner. The airtight seal, in addition to conserving energy, also prevents dust, dirt, sand, soot, air pollution and other small particles from coming in through any cracks or joints in your existing windows.

Storm windows keep your home warmer in the winter and cooler in the summer. The thermal barrier created by storm windows keeps warm air in your home and cool exterior air out in the cooler months and conversely keeps cooler air in your home and warmer air out in the warmer months.

Storm windows protect historical or vintage windows. This benefit is especially useful for homes with historical properties or a vintage look that the homeowner wants to or has to preserve. By installing storm windows over the existing windows, the beauty and value of the existing windows can be preserved, while the benefits of higher energy efficiency are realized. In some homes or buildings, homeowners are not allowed to removed or change windows that are part of the historic nature of the building. In fact, the Department of Interior has stated that there is no excuse, even for energy conservation, to destroy existing historic windows since they can be made more energy efficient through other means that will preserve the historical value and aesthetics of the window.

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Maintaining Your Windows

If you want your windows to last as long as possible, you have to invest a little time and effort every year. It's a simple formula, much like changing your car's oil every 3,000 miles: The more attentive you are to your windows, the longer they will last and the better they will perform over time.

Don't forget that your home can lose up to 25% of its energy through its windows, so making sure the windows are in tip-top shape is definitely something you want to do. Most window manufacturers include care and cleaning instructions for their products. Follow their instructions to get the most from your windows!

Here are few of the most basic maintenance issues to focus on:

Take a clean, dry paintbrush and brush the dirt from the window tracks and sills at least once a year (especially in gliding windows, where dirt accumulates with gusto). Keep the track free of dead bugs, cobwebs, grime, and other detritus so that the window can continue to close and open easily, and form a tight seal when closed.

The glass, sash, and frame surfaces should also be kept clean. Avoid petroleum-based cleaners and solvents, however. Never use a razor blade, putty knife, abrasive pad, or other sharp (or scratch-causing) material, or anything that might dissolve or damage the finish. Be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions, and remember the golden rule – when in doubt, don't.

Windows and doors typically use a 'weep' system, where tiny 'weepholes' in the frame help to keep water from collecting in the tracks. Be sure the weepholes are not obstructed, or you'll have a problem the next time it rains. They are often covered by baffles, so be careful when cleaning – you don't want to damage the weephole covers.

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Wednesday, December 9, 2009

The Benefits of Replacing Your Windows


Windows are often the last thing homeowners think about when it comes to home improvement, especially in the face of more exciting, sexy, and fun projects like redoing a kitchen or bathroom, or putting in hardwood flooring. Outdated themes or 1970s colors are practically begging for a fresh look, and windows… Well, windows just aren't that obvious, and they certainly don't seem as urgent.

Replacing windows, however, has many benefits. While some advantages might not be obvious to the naked eye, they are clearly felt in the pocketbook. Home replacement windows can add significant value to your house just by improving your energy efficiency. After all, the Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that as much as one third of the average home's heat loss occurs through windows and doors!

When was your home built? Does it still have the original windows? As with any part of your home, windows will also age. The changes may be obvious, once you really start looking. They may appear outdated or worn. Wood windows may rot, warp, or become termite infested. Vinyl can peel. Cranks in casement windows may no longer work. The ways in which windows can fail over time are numerous, but the most significant failures may be invisible.

Today's window technology is simply more advanced than ever. With the recent focus on the environment and prevention, conservation, and sustainability, window manufacturers have made energy efficiency a priority and have developed creative innovations that make it a reality.

Regular maintenance can help you better assess the state of your windows. If you notice any deterioration, you can take quick steps to remedy the situation. You might want to contact a professional to inspect your windows and make suggestions about repair or replacement.

Single-pane windows are the biggest reason to update your windows. Single glazings are enormously inefficient; a vampire draining your home of energy. If you upgrade to double-pane windows, you can expect less chilly winter drafts, condensation, and heat loss during the winter months. When it's warmer, you'll notice that your home is much cooler.

Many recent improvements in windows include coatings that can help reduce heat transfer and protect your interiors from the sun's light. Carpets and furniture will be less likely to fade, and you can protect your artwork as well.

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Energy Savings When Replacing Windows

If you've decided to replace your old (probably single-pane) windows, you've undoubtedly discovered that there are lots of types of windows available, from style to material. All of them can add beauty and enhance the comfort and warmth of your home, as well as increase your home's value.

Aside from choosing the style that's right for you and matches your home's décor and architecture, and the material that makes the most sense for your climate and budget, the most important factor to take into consideration is energy savings. There are many energy-saving options for windows today, and choosing the right window could really make a difference in your energy bills, year-round.

The R-value measures resistance to heat flow, or heat loss, and is sometimes described as thermal resistance. The R-value is a measure of conductivity. If you're shopping for cooking pans, you want high conductivity – but in windows it's not so desirable, because it means that the heat you're paying for (and sometimes very dearly!) is escaping. Low conductivity, or high resistance, is what the R-value measures.

The R-value was originally created as a way to sell insulation. Generally speaking, a high R-value means the window is better, more insulated, and more energy efficient, because it means it is more resistant to losing heat.

More windows today are rated using the U-Factor, however, which is considered a more accurate measurement of energy efficiency. The R-value is the reverse of the U-factor, or R=1/U. For additional info on replacement windows and climate, refer to this article.

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The Cost to Replace Windows

One of the most important considerations when planning to renovate or upgrade is window replacement cost. It’s important to be realistic about the cost associated with window replacement. The first thing you need to do is estimate how many windows you think you might need to replace. Some homeowners opt to take this step themselves; still others opt to hire a professional window replacement expert to provide a consultation. An expert can spot damaged areas with a trained eye on windows you may not have thought needed replacing.

In addition, before you begin any work, make any purchases, or hire any workers, you should make sure you have a firm budget. Take the time to fully acquaint yourself with the price ranges of window materials and fixtures (lights, windows, tubs, flooring – whatever it might be) and all the options available at each price grade.

There is a huge range in window replacement costs -- anywhere from $100 at home depot to over a $1000 for a Pella casement window. Customers should expect to pay anywhere from $300-$700 for each window replacement that are inserted into existing frames. This would equate to $3,000 to $10,000 for a home with about ten windows.

A 30- by 48-inch window can range anywehere from $150 to $500. A low-end Harvey vinyl window could run you about $300, while a high-end brand like Pella or Anderson window could cost close to $1000 per window installed. For additional pricing estimates, check out a replacement window cost estimator.

Stick to your budget when replacing windows and never spend more than what you can afford. In fact, some homeowners do one window at a time, in order to retain the ability to purchase the best window possible. This is okay if someone in your family or close circle of friends is a handyman and doesn’t mind making repeated trips to your home for each window you purchase. However, a window replacement company likely won’t do this and will require you to replace a certain number of windows at a time if you need more than one or two windows done.

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Choosing Replacement Window Contractors

Have you decided to hire an installer to replace your windows? It's a smart decision. But now that you've made that decision, how do you go about finding the right person for the job?

Here are a few factors to consider when evaluating installers:

Age Of Business - How long has the business been established? Generally speaking, the older the business, the better – it reflects the quality of service they provide. A business that lasts usually does so because it has satisfied customers. If they have opened other branches, that's an even better sign. Here are some question to ask potential replacement window contractors.

Experience Of Team - Even if it's a new window business, the installer may have had years of experience working for someone else before starting his or her own business. He or she may also have experienced employees and managers. So don't discount a 'new' business out-of-hand. Find out more.

Get Window Replacement Quotes! - This should be a competitive process! You'll get the best idea of how long the job will really take and how much it will really cost by securing bids from multiple companies. Don't hire the first installer you talk to. Get at least three bids for your project. And be sure to get all quotes in writing!

Who Are Their Suppliers? - Sometimes the best gauge of a business is whom they do business with. Do they have exclusive relationships with established, name brand window manufacturers? Do they buy from second-hand shops? Or worse, out of someone's trunk? Cut-rate may save money, but only in the short run. Make sure their suppliers are solid, reputable, and have a fixed address.

Local Replacement Window Business - Choosing a window installer who lives in your vicinity will help keep costs down by eliminating any transportation costs the installer might build into his bid. It will also make it easier for you to visit their offices any time you need to – and yes, you might need to.

3rd Avenue Window Supply is your #1 source for window repairs and replacement windows! They have professional and experienced staff who will make your home even more beautiful than before! Choose 3rd Avenue Windows for all your window repair and replacement needs!